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Romanian grammar A1: beginner

The future

Contents · A1
  1. Introducing yourself
  2. Nouns
  3. The article
  4. The present
  5. Questions and negation
  6. Adjectives
  7. Possessives
  8. Liking and feeling
  9. Să
  10. The past
  11. The future
    1. The future with voi: voi merge, vei merge
    2. The future with o să: o să merg, o să mergi
  12. Reflexive verbs
  13. Numbers and time
  14. Prepositions
  15. Linking sentences
  16. Instructions

Romanian has two everyday futures. The future with voi is formed with an auxiliary and the infinitive; the future with o să is formed with the form of the verb used after să. Both express what will happen and what someone plans to do.

The future with voi: voi merge, vei merge#

Formation

The future is formed with the auxiliary voi, vei, va, vom, veți, vor and the infinitive without a: a pleca → voi pleca. Only the auxiliary changes with the person. The negative is formed with nu before the auxiliary: nu voi pleca.

viitor
a merge
euvoi merge
tuvei merge
el/eava merge
noivom merge
voiveți merge
ei/elevor merge

Use

The future with voi is the future of writing: letters, emails, news, announcements and timetables (Trenul va ajunge la ora zece). In speech it sounds formal, and the future with o să is the usual one, as explained in “The future with o să: o să merg, o să mergi”. The auxiliary voi (I will) has the same form as the pronoun voi (you): voi veți citi is “you will read”.

  • Mâine voi pleca la Iași.Tomorrow I’ll leave for Iași.
  • Trenul va ajunge la ora zece.The train will arrive at ten.
  • Vom vizita muzeul duminică.We’ll visit the museum on Sunday.
  • Copiii vor fi acasă la ora cinci.The children will be at home at five.
  • Nu veți avea timp.You won’t have time.

Difference from English

English “will” has one form for every person; the Romanian auxiliary agrees with the subject: Ion va cânta, Ion și Ana vor cânta. In “won’t” the negative comes after “will”; in Romanian nu comes before the auxiliary: nu voi.

Common mistakes

  • Ei va pleca. → Ei vor pleca.The auxiliary agrees with the subject: vor.
  • Voi plec mâine. → Voi pleca mâine.After the auxiliary voi, the verb is in the infinitive.
  • Voi nu merge. → Nu voi merge.Nu comes before the auxiliary.

Practise

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The future with o să: o să merg, o să mergi#

Formation

The second future is formed with o să, which never changes, and the form of the verb used after să, which with eu, tu, noi and voi is the form of the present: o să merg, o să mergi, o să mergem, o să mergeți. A fi has its own forms: o să fiu, o să fii. At A1, the future with va and vor is used for el, ea, ei and ele. The negative is nu o să, usually said and written n-o să: n-o să plec.

Use

The two futures have the same meaning. The future with o să is the future of everyday speech, the future with voi that of writing. A plan is also often expressed with the present and a word of time: Mâine plec (“I’m leaving tomorrow”).

WrittenSpoken
Voi pleca mâine.O să plec mâine.
vom ajungeo să ajungem
veți citio să citiți
  • O să plec mâine dimineață.I’m going to leave tomorrow morning.
  • Ce o să faci în weekend?What are you going to do at the weekend?
  • O să mâncăm la restaurant diseară.We’re going to eat at a restaurant this evening.
  • N-o să am timp mâine.I won’t have time tomorrow.

Difference from English

O să is close to English “going to”, but has no verb “to be”: “I’m going to leave” is o să plec.

Common mistakes

  • O să pleca. → O să plec.After o să, the verb has the form of the present, not the infinitive.
  • O să fi acasă. → O să fiu acasă.After o să, a fi has the forms used after să.
  • Eu o să mergi. → Eu o să merg.The verb after o să takes the person of the subject.

In short

PointFormExample
future with voivoi, vei, va, vom, veți, vor + infinitivevoi pleca
future with o săo să + the form used after săo să plec
a fivoi fi; o să fiuO să fiu acasă.
the negativenu voi, n-o săN-o să plec.
writing, speechvoi written, o să spokenVoi pleca. O să plec.

Practise

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